Aaron Jackson, Adrian Bulat, Vasileios Argyriou and Georgios Tzimiropoulos
of the Computer Vision Laboratory of the University of Nottingham built a neural network that generates a full 3D image of a single portrait photograph. They turn a photograph like this…

… into an accurately creepy 3D image like this.

You can try it with your own or other photographs here. I found that images with white background get the best results. On their project website you can read more about the underlying convolutional neural network.

Update 21-10-2017: One of my favorite YouTube channels explains how the models were trained and the data used:

• application
• deep learning
• entertainment
• machine learning
• visualization